Apologetic Tract Heaven
Heaven
You
may have heard the story about the pastor who one day asked his parishioners at
Mass, “How many in this parish want to go to Heaven?” All but one man raised
his hand. The pastor asked the man why he didn’t want to go to Heaven. The man
responded, “I am not from this parish.”
What
is Heaven? Even though God is omnipresent, the Bible speaks of God’s dwelling
place in Heaven. If it is true that we
began in the mind of God, that he willed us into being, that we exist because
God sustains us, then it is true, in a sense, that all of us began to exist in
Heaven in the mind of God. It was
revealed to Paul this way. “Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus
Christ, who has blessed us in Christ with every spiritual blessing in the
heavens, as he chose us in him, before the
foundation of the world, to be holy and without blemish before him. In love he destined us for adoption to himself through Jesus
Christ, in accord with the favor of his will, for the praise of the glory of
his grace that he granted us in the beloved. (Eph 1:3-6) Our beginning is in God and our destiny is God.
But
just as it is true that Jesus has saved all but not all will be saved because
of their personal, negative response, so it is true that even though we began
in Heaven in the mind of God, not all, by free choice, will be with God in
Heaven eternally.
Heaven
is a place and a state of being. It is the dwelling of God and the created
angels who have remained in union with him. We pray: “Our Father, who art in
Heaven.” Jesus said about scandalizing children: “See that you do not despise
one of these little ones, for I say to you that their angels in heaven always
look upon the face of my heavenly Father. (Mt 18:10) It is also the ultimate
place and state of existence for those human beings who have lived and died in
the justification and salvation won for them by the death and resurrection of
Jesus.
Here
is what the Catechism of the Catholic Church states about Heaven:
Those who die in God's grace and friendship
and are perfectly purified live forever with Christ. They are like God for
ever, for they “see him as he is,” face to face:[596] By virtue of our apostolic authority, we define the following:
According to the general disposition of God, the souls of all the saints... and
other faithful who died after receiving Christ's holy Baptism (provided they
were not in need of purification when they died... or, if they then did need or
will need some purification, when they have been purified after death...)
already before they take up their bodies again and before the general judgment
- and this since the Ascension of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ into heaven
- have been, are and will be in heaven, in the heavenly Kingdom and celestial
paradise with Christ, joined to the company of the holy angels. Since the
Passion and death of our Lord Jesus Christ, these souls have seen and do see
the divine essence with an intuitive vision, and even face to face, without the
mediation of any creature. [597] (1023)
This perfect life with the Most Holy Trinity -
this communion of life and love with the Trinity, with the Virgin Mary, the
angels and all the blessed - is called "heaven." Heaven is the
ultimate end and fulfillment of the deepest human longings, the state of
supreme, definitive happiness. (1024)
Those
who believe in Heaven believe primarily in the existence of God, who has no
beginning and no end. It is also predicated on the acceptance of human beings,
who will live eternally, either with God or alienated from God because of the
immortality of the soul. Those who do not believe in the existence of Heaven
(or Hell) are the ones who deny the existence of God and the immortality of the
soul. In this category would fall atheists, rationalists, materialists and
secularists.
People
often ask the question: “What is Heaven like?” We don’t know. However, we can get insights into the reality
of Heaven from the scriptures. “’What eye has not seen, and ear has not heard, and
what has not entered the human heart, what God has prepared for those who love
him,’
this God has revealed to us through the Spirit.” (1 Cor 2:9-10)
It
is the place where we will behold the face of God. “The throne of God and of the Lamb will be in it, and
his servants will worship him. They will look upon his face, and his name will
be on their foreheads.”(Rev 22: 3-4) “At present we see indistinctly, as in a mirror, but
then face to face“ (1 Cor 13:12) This is called theologically the Beatific Vision. We will
see God in all his beauty, wonder and glory. It is a grace from God. It is a
state in which the blessed will rest totally in God and God alone will be
sufficient.
In
the Old Testament it was understood that if one gazed on the face of God he
would die. Death would occur not as a punishment but because humanly we would
not want to live any longer without being with God. If as St. Augustine says,
“Our hearts are restless until they rest in you, O God.”, having seen God we
would not want anything less. When Moses asked to see the face of God, the Lord
responded that he can only have a glimpse of God by seeing his back. When
Isaiah got a glimpse of the heavenly worship, he became intensely aware of his
own sinfulness. When the Apostles saw
Jesus in his transfigured glory on Mt. Tabor, they were overwhelmed with new
joy.
A
glimpse is not yet the fullness, the Beatific
Vision. Still as the author of Hebrews states: “But now they desire a better homeland, a heavenly
one. Therefore, God is not ashamed to be called their God, for he has prepared
a city for them.” (Heb 11:16)
In
the New Testament Jesus speaks of the blessings and joys of being in heaven.
“Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.” (Mt 5:3)
“Blessed are the pure in heart for they shall see God.” (Mt 5:8) The poor in
spirit have learned to depend upon God for their being and sustenance and the
pure in heart over time have divested themselves of sin which cools or
separates them from God. Their treasure is found not in things or even
themselves but in God. “Where your treasure is, there will your heart be also.”
(Mt 6:20) As redeemed sons and daughters, our inheritance from God as a result
of our life in Christ on earth is “imperishable, undefiled, and unfading, kept
in heaven for you, who by God’s power are guarded through faith for a salvation
ready to be revealed in the last time.” (1 Pet 1:4-5)
What
other aspects of Heaven is given to us in the scriptures? Jesus talks about the many mansions in
heaven: “In my Father’s house there are
many dwelling places. If there were not, would I have told you that I am going
to prepare a place for you?” (John
14:2)
Jesus reminds us that we will be
with him (and the Father and Holy Spirit). “And if I go and prepare a place for
you, I will come back again and take you to myself, so that where I am you also
may be.” (Jn 14:3)
Initially, our body will be separated from our soul until
the day of the resurrection of our body when soul and body will be united in a
glorified state. Here is how Paul states the mystery: “This I declare,
brothers: flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God, nor does
corruption inherit incorruption. Behold, I tell you a mystery. We shall not
all fall asleep, but we will all be changed, in an instant, in the blink of an eye, at the last
trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised incorruptible, and
we shall be changed. For that which is corruptible must clothe itself
with incorruptibility, and that which is mortal must clothe itself with
immortality. And when this which is corruptible
clothes itself with incorruptibility and this which is mortal clothes itself
with immortality, then the word that is written shall come about: ‘Death is
swallowed up in victory. Where, O death, is your victory? Where, O death, is
your sting?’ The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin
is the law. But thanks be to God who gives us
the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.”
This mystery is what moved Paul
to exclaim: “We would rather leave
the body and go home to the Lord.” (2 Cor 5:8) This is what moved the saints of the
ages to live their lives the way they did, because of the longing to be with
the Lord, sharing eternal life, free from the trials and tribulations of this
age, knowing that in the age to come “God will wipe every
tear from their eyes, and there shall be no more death or mourning, wailing or
pain, [for] the old order has passed away.” (Rev 21:4)
What will life in heaven entail
as a central aspect? The author of The Book of Revelation shares his vision. “After this I had a vision of a
great multitude, which no one could count, from every nation, race, people, and
tongue. They stood before the throne and before the Lamb, wearing white robes
and holding palm branches in their hands. They cried out in a
loud voice: ‘Salvation comes from our God, who is seated on the throne, and from the Lamb.’ All the angels stood around the throne and around
the elders and the four living creatures. They prostrated themselves before the
throne, worshiped God, and exclaimed: ‘Amen. Blessing and glory, wisdom and
thanksgiving, honor, power, and might be to our God forever and ever. Amen.’
Then one of the elders spoke up and said to me, ‘Who are these wearing white
robes, and where did they come from?’ I said to him, ‘My
lord, you are the one who knows.’ He said to me, ‘These are the ones who have
survived the time of great distress; they have washed their robes and made them white in the
blood of the Lamb. ‘For this reason they stand before God’s throne and worship
him day and night in his temple. The one who sits on the throne will shelter
them. They will not hunger or thirst anymore, nor will the sun or any heat
strike them. For the Lamb, who is in the center of the throne, will shepherd
them and lead them to springs of life-giving water, And God will wipe away
every tear from their eyes.’” (Rev 7:9-17)
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